Since its dawn over a hundred years ago, the physics of atomic nuclei has been fueling our exploration of the quantum world theoretically, experimentally and technologically. The atomic nucleus is a natural self-bound mesoscopic open quantum system which is central for the next technological step in Quantum Information Science (QIS). In this work we pursue novel theoretical questions of open mesoscopic quantum systems related to quantum evolution, environment and noise, complexity, entanglement, collective features and evolution of quantum phases — using tools and experience from nuclear physics.